Ingemuva kanye Nokusetshenziswa
I-NFC: Ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obungenantambo obusebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu obusebenza ibanga elifushane obuvumela ukudluliswa kwedatha okuqondile ukusuka endaweni kuya endaweni okungaxhumani phakathi kwamadivayisi kagesi, ukushintshana kwedatha ngaphakathi kwebanga elingu-10cm. Uhlelo lokuxhumana lwe-NFC luhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili ezizimele: umfundi we-NFC kanye nethegi ye-NFC. Umfundi we-NFC yingxenye esebenzayo yesistimu "efunda" (noma ecubungula) ulwazi ngaphambi kokuqalisa impendulo ethile. Inikeza amandla futhi ithumela imiyalo ye-NFC engxenyeni engasebenzi yesistimu (okungukuthi ithegi ye-NFC). Ngokuvamile, ngokubambisana ne-microcontroller, umfundi we-NFC unikeza amandla futhi ashintshanise ulwazi ngelebula elilodwa noma ngaphezulu le-NFC. Umfundi we-NFC usekela amaphrothokholi amaningi e-RF nezici futhi angasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezintathu ezahlukene: ukufunda/ukubhala, i-peer-to-peer (P2P) kanye nokulingisa ikhadi. Ibhendi yemvamisa yokusebenza ye-NFC ingu-13.56 MHz, okungokwemvamisa ephezulu, kanti amazinga ephrothokholi yi-ISO/IEC 14443A/B kanye ne-ISO/IEC15693.
Amalebula e-NFC anezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene, njengokubhanqa nokulungisa amaphutha, amaphosta okukhangisa, ukuvimbela ukukhwabanisa, njll.
1.Ukubhanqa Nokulungisa Amaphutha
Ngokubhala ulwazi olufana negama nephasiwedi ye-WiFi kulebula ye-NFC ngesifundi se-NFC, unamathisele ilebula endaweni efanele, uxhumano lungadalwa ngokubeka amadivayisi amabili anikwe amandla yi-NFC eduze komunye nomunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-NFC ingabangela ezinye izinqubo ezifana ne-Bluetooth, i-ZigBee. Ukubhanqa kwenzeka ngemizuzwana embalwa futhi i-NFC isebenza kuphela uma uyidinga, ngakho ngeke kube khona ukuxhumana kwedivayisi ngengozi futhi ngeke kube khona ukungqubuzana kwedivayisi njenge-Bluetooth. Ukufaka amadivayisi amasha noma ukwandisa inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya nakho kulula, futhi asikho isidingo sokusesha uxhumano noma ukufaka iphasiwedi.
Ukuhlaziywa Kokukhethwa Komkhiqizo
I-Chip: Kunconywa ukusebenzisa uchungechunge lwe-NXP NTAG21x, i-NTAG213, i-NTAG215 kanye ne-NTAG216. Lolu chungechunge lwama-chip luhambisana nezinga le-NFC Type 2 futhi luhlangabezana nezinga le-ISO14443A.
I-Antena: I-NFC isebenza ku-13.56MHz, isebenzisa i-antenna ye-aluminium etching process coil AL+PET+AL.
Iglu: Uma into okufanele inamathele ibushelelezi futhi indawo yokusetshenziswa ilungile, kungasetshenziswa iglue encibilikayo eshisayo noma iglue yamanzi engabizi kakhulu. Uma indawo yokusetshenziswa inzima futhi into okufanele inamathele ilukhuni, iglue yamafutha ingasetshenziswa ukuyenza iqine.
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo: Iphepha elimboziwe lingasetshenziswa. Uma kudingeka ukuvimbela amanzi, izinto ze-PET noma ze-PP zingasetshenziswa. Ukuphrinta umbhalo kanye namaphethini kunganikezwa.
2. Ukukhangisa kanye namaphosta
Amaphosta ahlakaniphile angenye yezindlela zobuchwepheshe be-NFC. Anezela amathegi e-NFC ezikhangisweni zamaphepha noma kumabhodi okukhangisa okuqala, ukuze lapho abantu bebona isikhangiso, bakwazi ukusebenzisa ama-smartphone abo ukuskena ithegi efakiwe ukuze bathole ulwazi lokukhangisa olufanele kakhulu. Emkhakheni wamaphosta, ubuchwepheshe be-NFC bungangeza ukusebenzisana okwengeziwe. Isibonelo, iphosta equkethe i-chip ye-NFC ingaxhunyaniswa nokuqukethwe okufana nomculo, amavidiyo, ngisho nemidlalo exhumanayo, ngaleyo ndlela ihehe abantu abaningi ukuba bahlale phambi kwephosta futhi kwandise imiphumela yomkhiqizo kanye nokukhushulwa. Ngokuthandwa kwama-smartphone anemisebenzi ye-NFC, amaphosta ahlakaniphile e-NFC nawo asetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi.
Ulwazi olufomethi ye-NDEF olufana namaphosta ahlakaniphile, umbhalo, ama-URL, izinombolo zokushaya ucingo, izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqala, izixhumanisi zemephu, njll. lungabhalwa ngelebula le-NFC ukuze amadivayisi anikwe amandla yi-NFC afunde futhi afinyeleleke. Futhi ulwazi olubhaliwe lungabhalwa ngekhodi futhi lukhiywe ukuze kuvinjelwe izinguquko ezinonya ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukuhlaziywa Kokukhethwa Komkhiqizo
I-Chip: Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-chip ochungechunge lwe-NXP NTAG21x. Izici ezithile ezinikezwe yi-NTAG21x zenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokusebenziseka kalula komsebenzisi:
1) Ukusebenza kwe-Fast Read kuvumela ukuskena imiyalezo ephelele ye-NDEF kusetshenziswa umyalo owodwa we-FAST_READ, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izikhathi zokufunda ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinomthamo omkhulu;
2) Ukusebenza kwe-RF okuthuthukisiwe, okunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu ngesimo, usayizi kanye nokukhetha kwezinto;
3) Inketho yobukhulu be-IC obungu-75 μm isekela ukukhiqizwa kwamathegi amancane kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukuwahlanganisa komagazini noma kumaphosta, njll.;
4） Ngama-byte angu-144, 504 noma angu-888 endawo yomsebenzisi etholakalayo, abasebenzisi bangakhetha ngokwezidingo zabo.
I-Antena: I-NFC isebenza ku-13.56MHz, isebenzisa i-antenna ye-aluminium etching process coil AL+PET+AL.
Iglu: Ngenxa yokuthi isetshenziswa kumaphosta futhi into okumelwe inamathiselwe ibushelelezi, i-glue eshisayo encibilikisiwe noma i-glue yamanzi ingasetshenziswa.
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo: iphepha lobuciko lingasetshenziswa. Uma kudingeka ukuvimbela amanzi, izinto ze-PET noma ze-PP zingasetshenziswa. Ukuphrinta umbhalo kanye namaphethini kunganikezwa.
3. Ukulwa nokukhwabanisa
Ithegi ye-NFC yokulwa nombumbulu iyithegi ye-elekthronikhi yokulwa nombumbulu, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlonza ubuqiniso bemikhiqizo, ukuvikela imikhiqizo yomkhiqizo wenkampani, ukuvimbela imikhiqizo mbumbulu yokulwa nombumbulu ukuthi ingasabalali emakethe, nokuvikela amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabathengi.
Ilebula le-elekthronikhi lokulwa nokukhwabanisa linamathiselwe ekupakishweni komkhiqizo, futhi abathengi bangakwazi ukubona ilebula le-elekthronikhi lokulwa nokukhwabanisa nge-APP kufoni ephathekayo ye-NFC, bahlole ulwazi lobuqiniso, futhi bafunde ulwazi oluhlobene nomkhiqizo. Isibonelo: ulwazi lomkhiqizi, usuku lokukhiqiza, indawo avela kuyo, imininingwane, njll., ukususa idatha yethegi bese benquma ubuqiniso bomkhiqizo. Enye yezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe be-NFC ukuthi kulula ukuhlanganiswa kwayo: amalebula amancane kakhulu e-NFC angaba amamilimitha ayi-10 ububanzi futhi angafakwa ngokungabonakali emaphaketheni omkhiqizo, ezingutsheni noma emabhodleleni ewayini.
Ukuhlaziywa Kokukhethwa Komkhiqizo
1. I-Chip: Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-FM11NT021TT, okuyi-chip yethegi eyenziwe yi-Fudan Microelectronics ehambisana ne-ISO/IEC14443-A proto.i-col kanye ne-NFC Forum Type2 Tag standard futhi inomsebenzi wokuthola i-open-circuit. Ingasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana nokupakisha okuhlakaniphile, ukulwa nokukhwabanisa kwezinto, kanye nokuvimbela ukwebiwa kwezinto.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphepha kwe-chip yethegi ye-NFC uqobo:
1) I-chip ngayinye ine-UID ezimele engu-7-byte, futhi i-UID ayikwazi ukubhalwa kabusha.
2) Indawo ye-CC inomsebenzi we-OTP futhi ayidabuki ukuze ivimbele ukuvulwa okunonya.
3) Indawo yokugcina inomsebenzi wokukhiya wokufunda kuphela.
4) Inomsebenzi wesitoreji esivikelwe ngephasiwedi ovunyelwe ngokuzithandela, futhi inani eliphezulu lemizamo yephasiwedi lingalungiselelwa.
Ngenxa yokuthi abenzi bomgunyathi baphinde basebenzise amathegi futhi bagcwalise amabhodlela angempela ngewayini elingelona iqiniso, singakhiqiza amalebula abuthakathaka e-NFC anomklamo wesakhiwo sethegi, uma nje iphakheji yomkhiqizo ivuliwe, ithegi izophuka futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kabusha! Uma ithegi isusiwe, ithegi izophuka futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa noma ngabe isusiwe.
2. I-Antena: I-NFC isebenza ku-13.56MHz futhi isebenzisa i-antenna yekhoyili. Ukuze iyenze ibe buthakathaka, kusetshenziswa isisekelo sephepha njengesithwali se-antenna kanye ne-chip AL+Paper+AL.
3. Iglue: Sebenzisa inhlaka ekhulula kakhulu ephepheni elingezansi, kanye nenhlaka ekhulula kancane ezintweni zangaphambili. Ngale ndlela, lapho ithegi ihlutshiwe, izinto zangaphambili kanye nephepha elingemuva kuzohlukanisa futhi kulimaze i-antenna, okwenza umsebenzi we-NFC ungasebenzi.
