Lingaliro la NFC
Dzina lonse la NFC ndi Near Field Communication, kulumikizana kwa waya kwapafupi. NFC ndi ukadaulo wopanda waya womwe unayambitsidwa ndi Philips ndipo umalimbikitsidwa pamodzi ndi Nokia, Sony ndi opanga ena otchuka. NFC imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosakhudzana ndi ma radio frequency identification (RFID) wophatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo wopanda waya. Poyamba ukadaulo uwu ndi kuphatikiza kosavuta kwa Ukadaulo wa RFIDndi ukadaulo wa netiweki, tsopano wasanduka ukadaulo wolumikizirana opanda zingwe waufupi, ndipo chitukuko chake chikufulumira kwambiri.
Lingaliro la RFID
RFID ndi chidule cha Radio Frequency Identification, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti electronic tag, chomwe ndi ukadaulo wodzizindikiritsa wokha wopanda kukhudza. Umazindikira cholinga china chake kudzera mu ma signali a wailesi ndikuwerenga ndikulemba deta yoyenera popanda kukhudzana ndi chinthucho ndi makina kapena kuwala. Sichifuna kulowererapo pamanja, chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana ovuta, chimatha kuzindikira zinthu zoyenda mwachangu, chimatha kuzindikira ma tag angapo nthawi imodzi, ndipo ntchitoyi ndi yachangu komanso yosavuta.
Kusiyana pakati pa NFC ndi RFID
Ma Frequency Range Osiyana
Ma RFID ogwiritsira ntchito pafupipafupi ndi otakata. Ma frequency ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 125KHZ ndi 133KHZ (ma frequency otsika), 13.56MHZ (ma frequency apamwamba), 900MHZ (pafupipafupi kwambiri), 433MHZ, 2.4G, 5.8GMHZ (ma microwave frequency). Kuphatikiza apo, UHF 900M ndi mawu wamba, osati enieni. Ma frequency amasiyananso malinga ndi dziko. Mwachitsanzo, gulu la ma frequency aku Europe (865.6MHZ-867.6MHZ), Singapore (920MHz~925MHz), China (920.5MHZ-924.5MHZ kapena 840.5MHZ-844.5MHZ), United States (902M-928M), Brazil (902M-907.5M kapena 915M-928M), ndi zina zotero.
Ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito a NFC ndi 13.56MHZ yokha. Titha kumvetsetsanso kuti NFC ndi gawo la ukadaulo wa RFID, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito band ya 13.56MHz ndiye band yeniyeni ya HF RFID. Kugwiritsa ntchito band iyi ya frequency ndikodziwika kwambiri, ndipo kumaphatikizapo ma protocol osiyanasiyana. Koma 13.56MHZ sizitanthauza kuti zonse ndi zofanana ndi NFC.
Mtunda Wosiyana wa Kutumiza
Popeza RFID ili ndi nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito, mtunda wotumizira mauthenga pamafupikidwe osiyanasiyana nawonso ndi wosiyana. Waufupi ndi masentimita angapo, ndipo wautali ukhoza kufika mamita angapo kapena ngakhale makumi a mamita.
NFC ndi ukadaulo wolumikizirana wa mtunda waufupi. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kuchuluka kwa ma transmissions ndi kochepa, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa 20cm, kotero kuti kulumikizanako kudzakhala kotetezeka. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha ukadaulo wapadera wochepetsa ma signal womwe NFC imagwiritsa ntchito, womwe uli ndi mawonekedwe a mtunda waufupi, bandwidth yayikulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa.
Ukadaulo Wosiyanasiyana Wolumikizirana
Dongosolo lonse la kulumikizana kwa RFID limapangidwa ndiMa tag a RFID, ma antenna ndi ma RFID reader, zonse zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri. Dongosololi liyenera kuwerenga ndi kuweruza zambiri za tag molunjika kudzera mu owerenga.
NFC imagwirizanitsa ntchito zowerengera, makadi osakhudza ndi mfundo kukhala chip imodzi, ndipo mafoni awiri am'manja kapena zida zovalidwa zokhala ndi NFC control yomangidwa mkati zimatha kulumikiza chidziwitso pafupi. Kusiyana kwa ukadaulo wolumikizirana ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. NFC ndi njira yolumikizirana yachinsinsi yomwe imachitika patali pang'ono.
Kusiyana kumeneku kumabweretsanso kusiyana kwa mapulogalamu awo. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a zochitika za mapulogalamu, zitha kuwoneka kuti pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa RFID ndi NFC. RFID imayang'ana kwambiri zinthu, pomwe NFC imayang'ana kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito ndipo imafuna kuti ogwiritsa ntchito agwire nawo ntchito kuti akwaniritse ntchito zawo. RFID imazindikira kuwerenga ndi kuweruza chidziwitso, pomwe ukadaulo wa NFC umagogomezera kuyanjana kwa chidziwitso ndi kusinthasintha komanso mbali ziwiri.
Mu ntchito zothandiza, RFID ingathandize owerenga kuwerenga zambiriZolemba za RFIDnthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'nyumba zosungiramo katundu. RFID nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzinthu zoyendera, kugulitsa, ndege, zachipatala, kasamalidwe ka katundu. Makhadi a ID a m'badwo wachiwiri ndi matikiti a Olimpiki a Beijing onse ali ndi zinthu zomangidwa mkati.Ma chips a RFID, ndipo njira yosonkhanitsira ndalama zamagetsi ya ETC yosatha pamsewu waukulu imagwiritsanso ntchito ukadaulo wa RFID.
Nthawi zambiri NFC imatumizidwa kwa munthu mmodzi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kwa NFC ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa kwa RFID. Chifukwa chake, NFC imagwira ntchito yayikulu m'magawo owongolera mwayi wopeza, mayendedwe apagulu, komanso kulipira pafoni.
Ndipotu, momwe RFID imagwirira ntchito ndi yotakata kwambiri kuposa NFC, ndipo tinganenenso kuti RFID ili ndi NFC. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa makhalidwe ogwira ntchito pakati pa RFID ndi NFC, ziwirizi sizipanga ubale wopikisana, koma zimagwira ntchito pazochitika zawo zosinthidwa. Kaya ukadaulo wanji ukugwiritsidwa ntchito, vuto lalikulu nthawi zambiri ndi kuganizira momwe mungakonzere zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito akukumana nazo ndikubweretsa zosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-16-2023