Imvelaphi kunye nesicelo
I-NFC: Itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano engenazingcingo ethatha umgama omfutshane evumela ukudluliselwa kwedatha ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo phakathi kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki, itshintshiselana ngedatha ngaphakathi komgama we-10cm. Inkqubo yonxibelelwano ye-NFC ibandakanya amacandelo amabini azimeleyo: umfundi we-NFC kunye nethegi ye-NFC. Umfundi we-NFC yinxalenye esebenzayo yenkqubo "efunda" (okanye eqhuba) ulwazi ngaphambi kokuba iqalise impendulo ethile. Inika amandla kwaye ithumela imiyalelo ye-NFC kwinxalenye engasebenziyo yenkqubo (oko kukuthi ithegi ye-NFC). Ngokwesiqhelo, kunye ne-microcontroller, umfundi we-NFC unika amandla kwaye atshintshiselane ngolwazi ngelebhile enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-NFC. Umfundi we-NFC uxhasa iiprotokholi ezininzi ze-RF kunye neempawu kwaye ungasetyenziswa kwiindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo: ukufunda/ukubhala, i-peer-to-peer (P2P) kunye nokulinganisa ikhadi. Ibhendi yokusebenza ye-NFC yi-13.56 MHz, emele i-frequency ephezulu, kwaye imigangatho yeprotokholi yi-ISO/IEC 14443A/B kunye ne-ISO/IEC15693.
Iileyibhile ze-NFC zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ezinje ngokubhanqa kunye nokulungisa iimpazamo, iipowusta zentengiso, ukuthintela ukwenziwa kwezinto ezingeyonyani, njl.
1.Ukubhangqa kunye nokulungisa iimpazamo
Ngokubhala ulwazi olufana negama kunye negama eligqithisiweyo le-WiFi kwileyibhile ye-NFC ngesixhobo sokufunda i-NFC, uncamathisele ileyibhile kwindawo efanelekileyo, uqhagamshelo lunokwenziwa ngokubeka nje izixhobo ezibini ezisebenza nge-NFC kufutshane. Ukongeza, i-NFC inokubangela ezinye iiprotokholi ezifana neBluetooth, iZigBee. Ukubhangqa kwenzeka ngephanyazo kwaye i-NFC isebenza kuphela xa uyidinga, ngoko ke akuyi kubakho naluphi na uqhagamshelo lwesixhobo ngengozi kwaye akuyi kubakho naluphi na ungquzulwano lwesixhobo njengeBluetooth. Ukufaka izixhobo ezintsha okanye ukwandisa inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kulula kakhulu, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokukhangela uqhagamshelo okanye ukufaka igama eligqithisiweyo.
Uhlalutyo loKhetho lweMveliso
Itshiphu: Kucetyiswa ukusebenzisa uthotho lwe-NXP NTAG21x, i-NTAG213, i-NTAG215 kunye ne-NTAG216. Olu thotho lweetships luhambelana nomgangatho we-NFC Type 2 kwaye lukwahlangabezana nomgangatho we-ISO14443A.
I-antenna: I-NFC isebenza kwi-13.56MHz, isebenzisa i-aluminium etching process coil antenna AL+PET+AL.
Iglu: Ukuba into eza kunamathela igudile kwaye indawo yokusetyenziswa ilungile, iglu enyibilikisiweyo eshushu okanye iglu yamanzi ingasetyenziswa. Ukuba indawo yokusetyenziswa inzima kwaye into eza kunamathela irhabaxa, iglu yeoyile ingasetyenziselwa ukuyenza ibe namandla.
Izinto eziphezulu: Iphepha eligqunyiweyo lingasetyenziswa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuthintela amanzi, izinto ze-PET okanye ze-PP zingasetyenziswa. Ukuprinta umbhalo kunye neepateni kunokubonelelwa.
2. Intengiso kunye neePowusta
Iipowusta ezikrelekrele zezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo iteknoloji ye-NFC. Yongeza iithegi ze-NFC kwiintengiso zephepha zokuqala okanye kwiibhodi zentengiso, ukuze xa abantu bebona intengiso, bakwazi ukusebenzisa ii-smartphones zabo ukuskena i-tag efakwe ngaphakathi ukuze bafumane ulwazi oluthe kratya lwentengiso. Kwicandelo leepowusta, iteknoloji ye-NFC inokongeza ukusebenzisana okungakumbi. Umzekelo, ipowusta equlethe itshiphusi ye-NFC inokudityaniswa nomxholo ofana nomculo, iividiyo, kwanemidlalo esebenzisana nayo, ngaloo ndlela itsala abantu abaninzi ukuba bahlale phambi kwepowusta kwaye inyusa impembelelo yophawu kunye neziphumo zokukhuthaza. Ngokuthandwa kwee-smartphones ezinemisebenzi ye-NFC, iipowusta ezikrelekrele ze-NFC zikwasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ulwazi olukwifomathi ye-NDEF olufana neepowusta ezikrelekrele, umbhalo, ii-URL, iinombolo zokufowuna, ii-apps zokuqalisa, ii-coordinates zemephu, njl.njl. lungabhalwa kwileyibhile ye-NFC ukuze izixhobo ezinikwe amandla yi-NFC zifunde kwaye zifikeleleke. Kwaye ulwazi olubhaliweyo lungabethelwa kwaye lutshixwe ukuthintela utshintsho olubi oluvela kwezinye iinkqubo.
Uhlalutyo loKhetho lweMveliso
Itshiphu: Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iitships zochungechunge lwe-NXP NTAG21x. Iimpawu ezithile ezibonelelwa yi-NTAG21x zenzelwe ukuphucula ukuhlanganiswa kunye nokulula komsebenzisi:
1) Ukusebenza kwe-Fast Read kuvumela ukuskena imiyalezo epheleleyo ye-NDEF kusetyenziswa umyalelo omnye we-FAST_READ, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa amaxesha okufunda kwiindawo zemveliso eziphezulu;
2) Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kwe-RF, okunika ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwimilo, ubungakanani kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto;
3) Ukhetho lobukhulu be-IC obuyi-75 μm luxhasa ukwenziwa kweethegi ezibhityileyo kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukuzidibanisa kwiimagazini okanye iipowusta, njl.njl.;
4） Ngeebhayithi ezili-144, 504 okanye 888 zendawo yomsebenzisi ekhoyo, abasebenzisi banokukhetha ngokweemfuno zabo.
I-antenna: I-NFC isebenza kwi-13.56MHz, isebenzisa i-aluminium etching process coil antenna AL+PET+AL.
Iglu: Ngenxa yokuba isetyenziswa kwiipowusta kwaye into eza kuncamathiselwa igudile, iglu eshushu enyibilikisiweyo okanye iglu yamanzi ingasetyenziswa.
Izinto eziphezulu: iphepha lobugcisa lingasetyenziswa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuthintela amanzi, izixhobo ze-PET okanye ze-PP zingasetyenziswa. Ukuprintwa kombhalo kunye neepateni kunokubonelelwa.
3. Ukuchasa izinto zokwenza izinto ngokungekho mthethweni
Ithegi ye-NFC yokulwa nobuxoki yithegi ye-elektroniki yokulwa nobuxoki, esetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuchonga ubunyani beemveliso, ukukhusela iimveliso zophawu lwenkampani, ukuthintela iimveliso zobuxoki zokulwa nobuxoki ukuba zingasasazeki kwimarike, kunye nokukhusela amalungelo kunye nomdla wabathengi.
Ileyibhile ye-elektroniki yokulwa nobuxoki incamathiselwe kwiphakheji yemveliso, kwaye abathengi banokuchonga ileyibhile ye-elektroniki yokulwa nobuxoki nge-APP kwifowuni yeselula ye-NFC, bajonge ulwazi lokwenyani, kwaye bafunde ulwazi olunxulumene nemveliso. Umzekelo: ulwazi lomenzi, umhla wokuveliswa, indawo evela kuyo, iinkcukacha, njl.njl., ukususa idatha yethegi kunye nokumisela ubunyani bemveliso. Enye yeenzuzo zobuchwepheshe be-NFC kukuba lula kwayo ukuhlanganiswa: iileyibhile ze-NFC ezincinci zimalunga ne-10 yeemilimitha ububanzi kwaye zinokufakwa ngokungabonakaliyo kwiphakheji yemveliso, iimpahla okanye iibhotile zewayini.
Uhlalutyo loKhetho lweMveliso
1. Itshiphu: Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-FM11NT021TT, eyi-tag chip eyenziwe yi-Fudan Microelectronics ehambelana ne-ISO/IEC14443-A proto.col kunye nomgangatho we-NFC Forum Type2 Tag kwaye inomsebenzi wokufumanisa i-open-circuit. Ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezifana nokupakisha okukrelekrele, ukulwa nezinto ezingeyonyani, kunye nokuthintela ubusela bezinto.
Ngokuphathelele ukhuseleko lwe-chip ye-tag ye-NFC ngokwayo:
1) Itshiphu nganye ine-UID ye-7-byte ezimeleyo, kwaye i-UID ayinakubhalwa kwakhona.
2) Indawo ye-CC inomsebenzi we-OTP kwaye ayikrazuki ukuthintela ukuvulwa okunobungozi.
3) Indawo yokugcina inomsebenzi wokutshixa wokufunda kuphela.
4) Inomsebenzi wokugcina okhuselweyo ngephasiwedi ovunyiweyo ngokuzikhethela, kwaye inani eliphezulu lemizamo yegama lokugqitha linokulungiswa.
Ukuphendula abenzi bobuqhetseba bephinda basebenzise iithegi kwaye begcwalisa iibhotile zokwenyani ngewayini yobuxoki, singavelisa iilebhile ze-NFC ezibuthathaka ezinoyilo lwesakhiwo sethegi, logama nje iphakheji yemveliso ivuliwe, ithegi iya kuphuka kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa kwakhona! Ukuba ithegi isusiwe, ithegi iya kuphuka kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa nokuba isusiwe.
2. I-Antena: I-NFC isebenza kwi-13.56MHz kwaye isebenzisa i-antenna ye-coil. Ukuze ithambe, kusetyenziswa isiseko sephepha njengomthwali we-antenna kunye ne-chip AL+Paper+AL.
3. Iglu: Sebenzisa iglue ekhulula kakhulu kwiphepha elisezantsi, kunye neglue ekhulula ukukhanya kwizinto zangaphambili. Ngale ndlela, xa ithegi ixotyulwe, izinto zangaphambili kunye nephepha elingasemva ziya kwahlukanisa kwaye zonakalise i-antenna, nto leyo eyenza umsebenzi we-NFC ungasebenzi.
