Ingemuva kanye Nokusetshenziswa
Imigomo yemboni yezempilo ukuthuthukisa impilo yabantu, ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezisebenzayo, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zeziguli, nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwazo. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sempilo, imboni yezempilo nayo ihlala isungula izinto ezintsha futhi ithuthuka. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, ukunakekelwa kwempilo kuyisihloko esikhathalelwa yiwo wonke umuntu, ukuze imboni idonsele ukunaka okukhulu, futhi izidingo zokuphepha nokunemba ziphakeme. Uma kuhlanganiswa ne-HIS (Hospital Information System), ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bungaletha intuthuko enkulu kanye nentuthuko embonini yezempilo. Bungaqopha ngokunembile inqubekela phambili yokwelashwa kweziguli, ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, kanye nesimo sokuhlinzwa, futhi bunikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuphepha kweziguli kanye nempilo yazo. Izicelo ezifana nokuphathwa kwegazi, ukuphathwa kwemishini yezokwelapha, ukuphathwa kwemfucuza yezokwelapha, ukuphathwa kolwazi lwezokwelapha neziguli, kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla yezokwelapha kukhula ngokushesha. Kusobala ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buzosetshenziswa izibhedlela eziningi kanye nezinkampani zemithi esikhathini esizayo.
1. Isicelo Sokuphathwa Kolwazi Lwezokwelapha Neziguli
Ngesikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela, udokotela olaphayo uvame ukudinga ukwelapha iziguli eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuholela ekudidekeni okuthile. Uma isiguli sinesifo esingazelelwe, ithuba lokwelashwa elingcono kakhulu lingase libambezeleke ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuthola ulwazi lwaso lwerekhodi lezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngokusebenzisa i-RFID reader ephathekayo, odokotela bangafunda ngokushesha amathegi e-elekthronikhi ezigulini ukuze bathole ulwazi lwabo olunemininingwane. Lokhu kusiza odokotela ukuthi bakhe izinhlelo zokwelapha ezinembile kakhudlwana. Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bungasiza futhi ekuqapheni iziguli ezidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sangempela, njengeziguli ezinesifo esithathelwanayo ezihlukanisiwe. Ngohlelo lwe-RFID, qiniseka ukuthi lezi ziguli zihlala zilawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi bezokwelapha badinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa njalo kwewadi, njengokushintsha imithi nezinto zokunakekela. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID kwenza le misebenzi ebalulekile iqedwe ngempumelelo.
2. Izicelo Zokuphathwa Kwegazi
Enkambisweni ejwayelekile yokuphathwa kwegazi, izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezibalulekile ziyabandakanyeka:
ukubhaliswa kwabanikeli, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwesampula yegazi, ukuqoqwa kwegazi, ukugcinwa kwegazi, ukuphathwa kwempahla (njengokucubungula izingxenye), ukusatshalaliswa kwegazi, kanye nokunikezwa kwegazi kokugcina ezigulini ezibhedlela noma ekukhiqizeni eminye imikhiqizo yegazi. Le nqubo ihilela ukuphathwa kolwazi olukhulu lwedatha, ukumboza ulwazi lwabanikeli begazi, uhlobo lwegazi, isikhathi nendawo yokuqoqwa kwegazi, kanye nolwazi oluhlobene nabasebenzi. Ngenxa yemvelo yegazi ebola kakhulu, noma yiziphi izimo zemvelo ezingafaneleki zingalimaza ikhwalithi yalo, okwenza kube nzima ukuphathwa kwegazi. Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buhlinzeka ngesisombululo esisebenzayo sokuphathwa kwegazi. Ngokunamathisela i-eyingqayizivele ithegi ye-RFID engasebenzi kusikhwama ngasinye segazi bese kufakwa ulwazi olufanele, lawa malebula axhunywe kusizindalwazi se-HIS. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igazi lingaqashwa uhlelo lwe-RFID kuyo yonke inqubo, kusukela ezindaweni zokuqoqa kuya emabhange egazi kuya ezindaweni zokusebenzisa ezibhedlela..Ulwazi lwayo lokuhamba lungalandelelwa ngesikhathi sangempela.
Esikhathini esidlule, ukuphathwa kwempahla yegazi kwakudla isikhathi futhi kwakudinga ukuqinisekiswa kolwazi ngesandla ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ngokwethulwa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID, ukutholwa kwedatha, ukudluliselwa, ukuqinisekiswa, kanye nokuvuselelwa kungatholakala ngesikhathi sangempela, kusheshiswe ukuhlonza igazi ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwempahla, futhi kuncishiswe kakhulu amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuqinisekiswa ngesandla. Isici sokuhlonza okungathintani se-RFID singaqinisekisa nokuthi igazi lingahlonzwa futhi lihlolwe ngaphandle kokungcoliswa, lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokungcoliswa kwegazi. Amalebula aphrintekayo e-Smart RFID babe nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuhle kwemvelo futhi bangasebenza kahle ngisho nasendaweni ekhethekile yokugcina igazi. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bangasebenzisa abafundi be-RFID abaphathwa ngesandla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lwesikhwama segazi luhambisana nolwazi olufanele lwegazi olusesihlakaleni se-RFID sesiguli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola igazi elihambisanayo. Lesi silinganiso sithuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha nokunemba kokumpontshelwa igazi.
3. Ukusetshenziswa Kokulandelela Nokubeka Imishini Yezokwelapha
Ezibhedlela, izinsimbi ezahlukene kanye nemishini kuyizinto ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezibhedlela. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezikhungo zezokwelapha, ukuphatha lezi zinsimbi kanye nemishini kuye kwaba nzima kakhulu. Izindlela zokuphatha zendabuko ngezinye izikhathi azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa, ukunyakaza, kanye nokuphepha kwemishini okulungile. Phakathi kwala madivayisi, amanye adinga ukuhanjiswa njalo ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukene zezokwelapha, kanti amanye asengozini yokwebiwa ngenxa yenani lawo eliphezulu noma ukucaciswa kwawo. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni amanye amadivayisi awakwazi ukutholakala noma alahleke ngisho nangezikhathi ezibucayi. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthinta ukuqhubeka kwenqubo yezokwelapha kodwa futhi kubeka ingcindezi yezezimali kanye nokusebenza ezibhedlela. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, amathegi kagesi afakwe ama-RFID chips anganamatheliswa kuzinsimbi ezibalulekile zezokwelapha kanye nemishini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisesitorejini, zisetshenziswa, noma ziyathuthwa, indawo yamanje yemishini ingatholakala ngokunembile ngohlelo lwe-RFID. Uma ihlanganiswe nohlelo lwe-alamu, uhlelo luzokhipha i-alamu ngokushesha lapho indawo yemishini ingavamile noma kwenzeka ukunyakaza okungagunyaziwe, okuvimbela ngempumelelo ukwebiwa kwemishini. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwemishini kodwa futhi kunciphisa kakhulu izinkinga zokusebenza ezibangelwa ukuphathwa kabi noma ukwebiwa.
Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe be-RFID
1) Yonke inqubo kusukela ekungenisweni kwesiguli esibhedlela ingalandelelwa futhi ikhonjwe ngokunembile, okuhlanganisa ubunikazi kanye nesimo senqubekela phambili yokwelashwa, okuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuhlonza okungalungile okubangelwa ukuphambuka kolwazi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa.
2) Ukulandelela nokuthola yonke inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa ukuze zisetshenziswe kungasusa izidakamizwa mbumbulu nezingembi emakethe emthonjeni, okuzuzisa ukuphathwa kokuphepha kwezidakamizwa.
3) Njengoba ibhekene nemishini yezokwelapha eyahlukahlukene, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha ekuphathweni kwemishini yezokwelapha, amadivayisi, nezinto zokwakha. Ingaqonda ukusetshenziswa okuthile ngesikhathi sangempela futhi yabe izinsiza zezokwelapha ngendlela efanele.
Ukuhlaziywa Kokukhethwa Komkhiqizo
Uma ukhetha ithegi ye-rfid efakiwe, idinga ukucabangela ukungaguquguquki kwe-dielectric kwento enamathiselwe kanye nokuphazamiseka phakathi kwe-chip ye-RFID kanye ne-antenna ye-RFID.Izitika zokulandelela ze-RFID Okudingwa yimboni yezempilo ejwayelekile kungaba kuncane kakhulu (i-antenna ye-ceramic ingaba ngu-18×18mm) kwizicelo ezikhethekile. Endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphansi (indawo yokugcina izikhwama zegazi) futhi uma kungekho zidingo ezikhethekile:
1) Iphepha lobuciko noma i-PET kusetshenziswa njengezinto ezingaphezulu futhi iglue encibilikayo eshisayo ingasetshenziswa. Iglue yamanzi ingahlangabezana nezidingo futhi ilawule izindleko.
2) Usayizi welebula unqunywa kakhulu ngokwezidingo zomsebenzisi. Ngokuvamile, usayizi we-antenna ongu-42×16mm, 50×30mm, kanye no-70×14mm ungahlangabezana nezidingo.
3) Isikhala sokugcina sidinga ukuba sikhulu. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile, kwanele ukukhetha i-chip enememori ye-EPC phakathi kwama-96bits nama-128bits, njenge-NXP Ucode 8, i-Ucode 9, i-Impinj M730, i-M750, i-MR6, njll. Uma isidingo sokugcina ulwazi sikhulu, dinga izinzuzo ze-HF kanye ne-UHF ezihambisanayo, amalebula emvamisa ephindwe kabili ayatholakala.
Imikhiqizo Ehlobene ne-XGSun
Izinzuzo zeamathegi ezokwelapha e-RFID angahlelwa Inikezwe yi-XGSun: Ukuzwela okuphezulu kanye nekhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka. Zihambisana nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ze-ISO15693, ISO18000-6C kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ze-NFC Forum T5T (Type 5 Tag). Inzuzo yemikhiqizo ye-RFID ephindwe kabili ukuthi igcina ikhono le-UHF elikhulu kanye nempahla esheshayo, inebanga elide lokudlulisa, kanye nekhono lokufunda iqembu eliqinile. Zigcina nekhono le-HF lokuxhumana namafoni eselula, zandisa kakhulu ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwe-RFID. Ithegi ishibhile futhi inikeza ukusebenza okungabizi kakhulu, isivinini sokufunda nokubhala okusheshayo, ukuphepha kwedatha okuphezulu, umthamo omkhulu wokugcina idatha, okulula ukufunda nokubhala, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo okuqinile, impilo yesevisi ende kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Iphinde isekele ukwenza ngezifiso izitayela ezahlukene.
