Inkomoko n'Imikoreshereze
Intego z'urwego rw'ubuvuzi ni ukunoza ubuzima bw'abantu, gukumira no kuvura indwara, gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi nziza kandi zinoze, guhaza ibyifuzo by'abarwayi, no kunoza imibereho yabo. Bitewe n'iterambere rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga no kwiyongera k'ubukene bw'ubuzima, uru rwego rw'ubuvuzi narwo ruhora ruhanga udushya kandi rutera imbere. Nta gushidikanya, ubuvuzi ni ingingo abantu bose bitaho, ku buryo uru rwego rukurura abantu benshi, kandi ibisabwa kugira ngo umutekano n'ukuri birusheho kuba byinshi. Hamwe na HIS (Sisitemu y'amakuru y'ibitaro), ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rishobora kuzana iterambere rikomeye mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Rishobora kwandika neza iterambere ry'ubuvuzi bw'abarwayi, ikoreshwa ry'ubuvuzi, n'uko babazwe, kandi rigatanga inkunga ikomeye ku mutekano n'ubuzima bw'abarwayi. Porogaramu nko gucunga amaraso, gucunga ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, gucunga imyanda y'ubuvuzi, gucunga amakuru y'abarwayi n'ubuvuzi, no gucunga ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi biri kwiyongera cyane. Biteganijwe ko ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rizakoreshwa n'ibitaro byinshi n'ibigo by'imiti mu gihe kizaza.
1. Gusaba serivisi mu gucunga amakuru y'ubuvuzi n'abarwayi
Mu gihe cyo kujya mu bitaro, umuganga uvura akunze gukenera kuvura abarwayi benshi icyarimwe, ibyo bigatera urujijo. Iyo umurwayi agize ikibazo gitunguranye, amahirwe meza yo kuvurwa ashobora gutinda bitewe no kudashobora kubona amakuru ye y’ubuvuzi ku gihe. Bakoresheje igikoresho cyo gusoma RFID gitwarwa, abaganga bashobora gusoma vuba amakaramu y’ikoranabuhanga ku barwayi kugira ngo babone amakuru yabo arambuye. Ibi bifasha abaganga gushyiraho gahunda nziza zo kuvura. Ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rishobora kandi gufasha gukurikirana abarwayi bakeneye kwitabwaho by’umwihariko, nk’abarwayi b’indwara zandura bonyine. Binyuze muri sisitemu ya RFID, menya neza ko abo barwayi bahora bagenzura. Byongeye kandi, abakozi bo kwa muganga bagomba gukora igenzura rihoraho mu cyumba cy’abaganga, nko gusimbuza imiti n’ibikoresho byo kuvura. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya RFID bituma iyi mirimo y’ingenzi irangizwa neza.
2. Gukoresha mu gucunga amaraso
Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gucunga amaraso, intambwe z'ingenzi zikurikira zirakenewe:
Kwiyandikisha kw'abatanga amaraso, gusuzuma umubiri, gupima amaraso, gukusanya amaraso, kubika amaraso, gucunga ububiko (nk'ibice byayo), gukwirakwiza amaraso, no gutanga amaraso ku barwayi mu bitaro cyangwa mu gukora ibindi bicuruzwa by'amaraso. Iyi gahunda ikubiyemo gucunga amakuru menshi, gusesengura amakuru y'abatanga amaraso, ubwoko bw'amaraso, igihe n'aho amaraso afatirwa, hamwe n'amakuru y'abakozi ajyanye nayo. Bitewe n'uburyo amaraso apfa vuba cyane, ibidukikije byose bishobora kwangiza ubwiza bwayo, bigatuma imicungire y'amaraso igorana. Ikoranabuhanga rya RFID ritanga igisubizo cyiza cyo gucunga amaraso. Hamwe n'uburyo budasanzwe bwo gushyiraho uburyo budasanzwe bwo gucunga amaraso. ikirango cya RFID kidakoreshejwe kuri buri gafuka k'amaraso no kwinjiza amakuru ajyanye nabyo, ibi birango bihuzwa n'ububiko bwa HIS. Ibi bivuze ko amaraso ashobora gukurikiranwa na sisitemu ya RFID mu gihe cyose, kuva aho afatirwa kugeza aho amaraso abikwa kugeza aho akoreshwa mu bitaro..Amakuru yayo yo gukusanya amakuru ashobora gukurikiranwa mu gihe nyacyo.
Mu bihe byashize, gucunga ububiko bw'amaraso byatwaraga igihe kinini kandi byasabaga kugenzura amakuru n'intoki mbere yo kuyakoresha. Hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rya RFID, kubona amakuru, kohereza, kugenzura, no kuyavugurura bishobora kugerwaho mu buryo butunguranye, bikihutisha kumenya amaraso mu gihe cyo gucunga ububiko, kandi bigagabanya cyane amakosa mu gihe cyo kugenzura ububiko. Uburyo bwo kumenya amaraso mu buryo butajyanye n'aho aherereye bushobora kandi kwemeza ko amaraso ashobora kumenyekana no gupimwa nta kwanduzwa, ibi bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura amaraso. Ibirango bya RFID bigezweho bishobora gucapwa ifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibidukikije kandi ishobora gukora neza ndetse no mu bidukikije byihariye byo kubika amaraso. Abakozi b'abaganga bashobora gukoresha ibyuma bikoresha RFID kugira ngo barebe niba amakuru ajyanye n'amaraso ari ku mukandara wa RFID w'umurwayi ahuye n'amakuru ajyanye n'amaraso ari ku kuboko kwe kugira ngo abarwayi bahabwe amaraso ahuye. Iki gipimo cyongera cyane umutekano n'ukuri kw'amaraso yo guterwa.
3. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gukurikirana no gushyira ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi mu mwanya wabyo
Mu bitaro, ibikoresho bitandukanye n'ibikoresho ni bimwe mu bigize imikorere y'ibitaro. Ariko, bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibigo by'ubuvuzi, gucunga ibyo bikoresho n'ibikoresho byarushijeho kugorana. Uburyo gakondo bwo gucunga rimwe na rimwe ntibushobora guhaza ibyifuzo mu kugenzura ikoreshwa, itwarwa, n'umutekano w'ibikoresho. Muri ibyo bikoresho, bimwe bikenera kwimurwa buri gihe kugira ngo bihuze n'ibikenewe bitandukanye by'ubuvuzi, mu gihe ibindi bishobora kwibwa bitewe n'agaciro kabyo cyangwa umwihariko wabyo. Ibi bituma bimwe mu bikoresho bitaboneka cyangwa ngo bibure mu bihe bikomeye. Ibi ntibigira ingaruka gusa ku gukomeza kw'imikorere y'ubuvuzi ahubwo binashyira igitutu ku by'imari n'imikorere ku bitaro. Kugira ngo bikemure ibi bibazo, tagi z'ikoranabuhanga zirimo utumashini twa RFID zishobora gushyirwa ku bikoresho by'ingenzi by'ubuvuzi n'ibikoresho. Byaba biri mu bubiko, mu gihe bikoreshwa, cyangwa mu nzira, aho ibikoresho biherereye hashobora kuboneka neza binyuze muri sisitemu ya RFID. Hamwe na sisitemu yo gutangaza, sisitemu izahita itanga intabaza iyo aho ibikoresho biherereye hadakora neza cyangwa habayeho ingendo zidakwiye, bikarinda ubujura bw'ibikoresho. Ibi ntibinoza gusa umutekano w'ibikoresho ahubwo binagabanya cyane ibibazo by'imikorere biterwa n'imicungire mibi cyangwa ubujura.
Ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga rya RFID
1) Inzira yose kuva umurwayi yakiriwe mu bitaro ishobora gukurikiranwa neza no kumenyekana, harimo umwirondoro we n'aho ubuvuzi bugeze, ibyo bikarinda isuzuma ritari ryo riterwa no guhindagurika kw'amakuru no kunoza imikorere y'ubuvuzi.
2) Gukurikirana no kumenya inzira yose yo gukora imiti kugira ngo ikoreshwe bishobora gukuraho imiti y'impimbano n'iy'ubukene ku isoko, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro mu gucunga umutekano w'imiti.
3) Ifite ibikoresho bitandukanye by’ubuvuzi, ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rishobora kunoza imikorere y’abakozi b’ubuvuzi mu gucunga ibikoresho, ibikoresho n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi. Rishobora gusobanukirwa ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho mu buryo bwihariye mu gihe nyacyo no gutanga ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi mu buryo bukwiye.
Isesengura ry'uburyo ibicuruzwa bitoranywa
Iyo uhisemo tag ya rfid yashyizwemo, igomba gusuzuma imiterere ya dielectric y'ikintu gifatanye ndetse n'impedance iri hagati ya chip ya RFID na antene ya RFID.Udupapuro two gukurikirana RFID Ibisabwa n'inganda rusange z'ubuvuzi bishobora kuba bito cyane (antenna ya ceramic ishobora kuba 18×18mm) ku bikorwa byihariye. Mu bushyuhe buke (ahantu habikwa amaraso) kandi hatabayeho ibisabwa byihariye:
1) Impapuro z'ubugeni cyangwa PET bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo hejuru kandi kole ishyushye irakoreshwa. Kole y'amazi ishobora guhaza ibyo ukeneye no kugenzura ikiguzi.
2) Ingano y'ikirango igenwa ahanini hakurikijwe ibyo umukoresha akeneye. Muri rusange, ingano ya antene 42×16mm, 50×30mm, na 70×14mm ishobora guhaza ibyo akeneye.
3) Ahantu ho kubika amakuru hagomba kuba hanini. Ku bikorwa bisanzwe, birahagije guhitamo chip ifite memory ya EPC hagati ya 96bits na 128bits, nka NXP Ucode 8, Ucode 9, Impinj M730, M750, MR6, nibindi. Niba icyifuzo cyo kubika amakuru ari kinini, kenera ibyiza bya HF na UHF byuzuzanya, hari utumenyetso twa frequency tubiri.
Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na XGSun
Ibyiza byaIbirango by'ubuvuzi bya RFID bishobora gushyirwa muri porogaramu Bitangwa na XGSun: Ubushobozi bworoshye bwo kumenya no gukumira ingaruka. Bubahiriza amabwiriza ya ISO15693, ISO18000-6C na NFC Forum T5T (Type 5 Tag). Akamaro k'ibicuruzwa bya RFID bifite frequency ebyiri ni uko bigumana ubushobozi bwa UHF bunini kandi bwihuse, bifite intera ndende yo kohereza amakuru, kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo gusoma mu matsinda. Bigumana kandi ubushobozi bwa HF bwo gukorana na terefone zigendanwa, byagura cyane uburyo bwo gukoresha RFID. Iki gikoresho gihendutse kandi gitanga umusaruro uhendutse, umuvuduko wo gusoma no kwandika vuba, umutekano uri hejuru, ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kubika amakuru, byoroshye gusoma no kwandika, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo guhuza ibidukikije, igihe kirekire cyo gukora no gukoresha porogaramu zitandukanye. Binashyigikira guhindura uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora ibintu.
